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    Interesting post<br>
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      -------- Original Message --------
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            <th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">Subject:
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            <td>The Importance of Context and Human Factor in MOOC
              Education</td>
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            <th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">Date: </th>
            <td>Tue, 16 Apr 2013 13:09:19 +0000</td>
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            <th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">From: </th>
            <td>Educational Technology Debate
              <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:editors@edutechdebate.org"><editors@edutechdebate.org></a></td>
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            <th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">To: </th>
            <td><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:satellit@bendbroadband.com">satellit@bendbroadband.com</a></td>
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href="http://pipes.yahoo.com/pipes/pipe.info?_id=yF_DGyVn3hGQb9CYMMohGg"
title="(http://pipes.yahoo.com/pipes/pipe.info?_id=yF_DGyVn3hGQb9CYMMohGg)">The
                    Importance of Context and Human Factor in MOOC
                    Education</a>
                  <br>
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href="http://feedproxy.google.com/%7Er/EducationalTechnologyDebate/%7E3/omnLN1VMKJA/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">The
                    Importance of Context and Human Factor in MOOC
                    Education</a>
                </p>
                <p style="font-size:13px;color:#555;margin:9px 0 3px
0;font-family:Georgia,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-Serif;line-height:140%;font-size:13px;"><span>Posted:</span>
                  16 Apr 2013 01:37 AM PDT</p>
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                  <p><img moz-do-not-send="true"
src="https://edutechdebate.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/human-factor.jpg"
                      alt="" title="human-factor" class="alignnone
                      size-full wp-image-2873" width="550" height="368"></p>
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                  <p>Óscar Becerra has just written <cite><a
                        moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
                        target="_blank"
href="https://edutechdebate.org/massive-open-online-courses/the-one-laptop-per-child-corollation-with-massive-open-online-courses/">The
                        One Laptop Per Child Correlation With Massive
                        Open Online Courses</a></cite> where he compares
                    the OLPC project with MOOC initiatives.</p>
                  <p>In a nutshell, the Becerra argues that MOOC should
                    not be compared to other higher education
                    initiatives or institutions, but to what MOOCs can
                    bring to “non-users” of education, as the OLPC
                    should be judged not in comparison to schools, but
                    in comparison to “non-schools”, that is, no
                    educational institutions at all.</p>
                  <p>I mostly agree with the author, but there are some
                    omissions that are very worth being mentioned… as
                    they may place us, at least, in a more skeptic point
                    of view. Or, in other words, nor may MOOCs might be
                    compared with a comprehensive and affordable
                    educational system and neither should the OLPC be
                    compared with the total lack of alternatives.</p>
                  <p>First of all, it just happens that education is not
                    about the apprehension of content, but about
                    transforming information into knowledge. Or, in
                    other words, <strong>education is about empowerment</strong>.
                  </p>
                  <p>Quite often forgotten, there are two kinds of
                    MOOCs: connectivist MOOCs (cMOOCs) and
                    non-connectivist MOOCs (xMOOCs). While I find the
                    former empowering, the latter I find them not: just
                    an interesting but mere channel of content
                    distribution. Unfortunately, cMOOCs are rarely dealt
                    with and only xMOOCs are the ones being discussed.
                    Like the article in question. Thus, comparing a
                    non-empowering tool like xMOOCs to a supposedly
                    empowering tool, like the OLPC, is a difficult
                    exercise to do.</p>
                  <p>Education, empowerment, or development, on the
                    other hand, do not happen in the void, but in a
                    given context. A personal context. A personal
                    starting point. And there is increasing evidence
                    that one’s starting point will tell whether one will
                    improve or <em>worsen</em> one’s situation with a
                    given tool, e.g. laptops or MOOCs. We call this the
                    <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
                      target="_blank"
href="http://ictlogy.net/bibliography/reports/projects_list.php?filter_tag_project=knowledge%20gap"><strong>knowledge
                        gap hypothesis</strong></a> and there are many
                    examples on how public libraries, access to
                    newspapers and information, or laptops in the
                    classroom have a multiplier effect: if you’re in a
                    good position, you’ll do better; if you’re in a bad
                    position, you’re very likely to do worse. So, what
                    is the position of these “non-users” that have now
                    access to the OLPC device or to a (c)MOOC?</p>
                  <p>Last — and very related with the previous point —,
                    development or empowerment is not only about the
                    existence of individual resources and the
                    possibility to use them, but the personal will or
                    emancipative value to want to use them. Welzel,
                    Inglehart & Klingemann called this the <a
                      moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
                      target="_blank"
href="http://ictlogy.net/20120930-transforming-institutions-in-the-knowledge-society-a-matter-of-e-awareness/">having
                      the <strong>objective and the subjective choice
                        of development</strong></a> (to which we have to
                    add effective choice, of course).</p>
                  <p>Indeed, our last point summarizes the first point
                    (access to MOOCs seen as objective choice) and the
                    second one (the knowledge gap hypothesis as
                    subjective choice).</p>
                  <p>And there are two common issues in our three
                    points: context and the human factor. Context of the
                    user, both the exogenous context (the socio-economic
                    status, their community, etc.) and the endogenous
                    context (level of education, mental and physical
                    health, etc.), both of them determining what will
                    happen with the objective choice. And the human
                    factor as the facilitator or enabler, which will
                    guide the objective choice through subjective choice
                    into effective choice — again determined by the
                    context provided by legal and cultural framework.</p>
                  <p>So, MOOCs can be compared to the OLPC in the sense
                    that they both provide good tools to “non-users” of
                    education, but I would refrain myself to say that
                    they both, by themselves, provide rough <em>alternatives</em>
                    to the educational system. Not by themselves.</p>
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