<html><head><style type="text/css"></style></head><body><div style="font-family:times new roman,new york,times,serif;font-size:12pt"><div style="font-family: times new roman,new york,times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">I inadvertently sent an unfinished draft (which is still unfinished) so I won't say much here, However, where did I say anything about skipping arithmetic? <div style="margin-left: 40px;">"One of many > such examples is how to use the children's ability to add (and to > think additively) and to physically move their bodies" </div> Or using any particular system of teaching? Perhaps you are projecting ....? It is also extremely likely (from our 35 years of experience) that a carefully designed form of vector calculus will be the strongest way to help children learn arithmetic and geometrical ideas beyond simple addition (in no small part because the VC approach can handle everything in terms of ever richer forms of addition). And there are ways to introduce many of the ideas and practices very early in life. Thanks for your advice, but (again 35 years of experience) we and others have found stronger paths than you suggest (and would like to find still better ones). These are relative comparisons. Again, to go back to the music learning analogy, there is nothing wrong with memorizing and practicing scales and other exercises -- it winds up being necessary for any developed form of music -- but it is quite secondary to what music is all about (and similar observations hold in other arts and in sports as well). What counts is the proper balance between actually doing the "real deal" and supporting the doing by acquiring various kinds of skills that can enhance the doing. Everything that contributes to that balance for the many different kinds of learners is fair game. Best wishes, Alan <div style="font-family: times new roman,new york,times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">----- Original Message ---- From: Albert Cahalan <acahalan@gmail.com> To: its.an.education.project@tema.lo-res.org Sent: Thursday, July 17, 2008 2:16:12 AM Subject: Re: [IAEP] reconstructed maths Alan Kay writes: > Similarly, from the POV of a former guitar teacher and player, > "playing guitar" has a threshold that excludes "air guitar", > "Guitar Hero", certain kinds of noise, and "not enough fluency > to make music yet". We can use "air guitar" as a metaphor for > (a) taking such a small subset of an activity that only some > form and essentially no important content is being done, and > (b) for using form over content to fool ourselves that we are > "players" and "part of the club". That works. I also like the term "math appreciation". Like a music appreciation course, it doesn't get you to be competent. > Two of Seymour Papert's most important insights about above > threshold math-with-computers for children were to (a) find and > use the real mathematical thinking that children could do at each > stage of development, and (b) to both pick from the large body of > existing mathematics and to invent new mathematics that embody the > most "powerful ideas" that humans have come up with. One of many > such examples is how to use the children's ability to add (and to > think additively) and to physically move their bodies to make for > them a powerful and valid version of Gauss' Differential Geometry > which covers some of the most important parts of vector calculus > in a way easily learnable by children. I do believe that many children can learn vector calculus, and that this might have some value. However... When you put the cart before the horse, trying to skip all of the arithmetic and such, you're teaching math appreciation. It's air math. An actual bake-off has been conducted. It was the largest educational study ever done, covering 79000 children in 180 communities. I'm sure you've heard of it: Project Follow Through. In that study, Direct Instruction (sage on the stage) trounced all other programs in multiple ways. More here: <a href="http://www.jefflindsay.com/EducData.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.jefflindsay.com/EducData.shtml</a> <a href="http://www.illinoisloop.org/oswegomath.html" target="_blank">http://www.illinoisloop.org/oswegomath.html</a> <a href="http://www.heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=19790" target="_blank">http://www.heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=19790</a> That last article has a lovely graph of the results. One may question the ethics of such an experiment, since it does in fact involve experimenting on children in a life-effecting way. I see no alternative though, so I'm glad it was done. Now it is time to accept the results, eat some humble pie as required, and teach children math. It is unethical to endlessly repeat the experiment, hoping that you will somehow get results that support a well-loved hypothesis. Vector calculus is a fine subject for children. Set high expectations for daily progress, eliminate distractions, and soon enough most kids will reach vector calculus. (for real, not vector calculus appreciation) High expectations go something like this: multi-digit add/subtract with traditional procedure: 1st year multiplication table memorized: 1st year long division: 2nd year 2-step word problems: 2nd year 4 basic operations on fractions: 3rd year 4-step word problems: 4th year order of operations: 4th year algebra (with proofs): 5th year geometry (with proofs) and trig: 6th year regular calculus: 7th year vector calculus: 8th year It's doable, but you won't get there if you waste time or if you use educational methods that are proven to be horrible. In case anybody wants to look at current curriculum that work: The two best math programs, unfortunately subject to copyright, are Saxon Math and Singapore Math. Saxon Math is better for the slower students, particularly if students are missing school or transferring in from places that use a different math program. Singapore Math is better for the faster students. Both are available for purchase. _______________________________________________ <a target="_blank" href="http://Its.an.education.pro">Its.an</a>.education.project mailing list <a ymailto="mailto:Its.an.education.project@lists.lo-res.org" href="mailto:Its.an.education.project@lists.lo-res.org">Its.an.education.project@lists.lo-res.org</a> <a href="http://lists.lo-res.org/mailman/listinfo/its.an.education.project" target="_blank">http://lists.lo-res.org/mailman/listinfo/its.an.education.project</a> </div></div></div> </body></html>